{"id":4740,"date":"2025-05-01T09:00:31","date_gmt":"2025-05-01T12:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aceroyroca.com\/?p=4740"},"modified":"2025-05-01T09:00:31","modified_gmt":"2025-05-01T12:00:31","slug":"un-reves-para-trump-china-rechaza-la-orden-sobre-mineria-submarina-y-advierte-violacion-del-derecho-internacional","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idealistic-platinum-hummingbird.187-127-10-185.cpanel.site\/index.php\/2025\/05\/01\/un-reves-para-trump-china-rechaza-la-orden-sobre-mineria-submarina-y-advierte-violacion-del-derecho-internacional\/","title":{"rendered":"Un rev\u00e9s para Trump: China rechaza la orden sobre miner\u00eda submarina y advierte violaci\u00f3n del derecho internacional"},"content":{"rendered":"

En la edici\u00f3n de ayer 30 de abril, ACERO Y ROCA public\u00f3 la informaci\u00f3n sobre la orden ejecutiva del presidente de EE. UU, Donald Trump para acelerar la miner\u00eda submarina. <\/span><\/a><\/strong>
\nPero un nuevo cap\u00edtulo acaba de abrirse, ahora Beijing acusa a EE. UU de actuar unilateralmente y exige respeto a los tratados internacionales. Ya no s\u00f3lo hay oposici\u00f3n a los aranceles, ahora la guerra se traslada al mar, y en esta ocasi\u00f3n China va por todo y busca aliados en Europa y otros pa\u00edses.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Por Mark Phillips<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Se
Se eleva la tensi\u00f3n entre China y EE.UU. La miner\u00eda submarina puede ser el detonante del inicio de un nuevo conflicto entre ambas potencias<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

El gobierno de China rechaz\u00f3 en\u00e9rgicamente la reciente orden ejecutiva del expresidente estadounidense Donald Trump, que busca acelerar la miner\u00eda en los fondos marinos internacionales.<\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores chino, esta medida \u201cviola el derecho internacional\u201d<\/strong> y pone en riesgo los intereses globales, en un momento en que decenas de pa\u00edses y organizaciones cient\u00edficas piden una moratoria hasta contar con regulaciones ambientales claras.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Esta nueva tensi\u00f3n internacional<\/span><\/a> revela la creciente competencia por los recursos minerales del fondo oce\u00e1nico, considerados clave para la transici\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica y la fabricaci\u00f3n de tecnolog\u00edas limpias. Sin embargo, el vac\u00edo legal y los impactos ecol\u00f3gicos a\u00fan inciertos colocan a la miner\u00eda en aguas profundas en el centro de un debate geopol\u00edtico, econ\u00f3mico y ambiental.<\/p>\n

\"China
China se opone de manera frontal a los planes de Trump, de buscar minerales en el lecho submarino<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Trump impulsa la explotaci\u00f3n del lecho marino sin consenso global<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Durante su mandato, Donald Trump firm\u00f3 una orden ejecutiva para agilizar los permisos de exploraci\u00f3n minera submarina y promover la inversi\u00f3n privada en este sector emergente.<\/p>\n

Su argumento se basa en la necesidad de garantizar el \u201cliderazgo estadounidense en la miner\u00eda estrat\u00e9gica\u201d y reducir la dependencia de China en minerales cr\u00edticos como el cobalto, uranio, el n\u00edquel, las tierras raras y el litio, esenciales para bater\u00edas y dispositivos electr\u00f3nicos.<\/p>\n

La medida, sin embargo, ha sido ampliamente criticada por su car\u00e1cter unilateral y por ignorar las discusiones en curso en la Autoridad Internacional de los Fondos Marinos<\/a> <\/span>(ISA, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s), el organismo de la ONU<\/a><\/span> encargado de regular la explotaci\u00f3n de los recursos en aguas internacionales. China, uno de los pa\u00edses con mayor presencia en la ISA, ha declarado que esta orden \u201cmina los principios de cooperaci\u00f3n internacional\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"Con
Con 4.500 millones de toneladas de uranio en los oc\u00e9anos, la miner\u00eda submarina se convierte en el nuevo campo de batalla entre EE.UU. y China<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

China denuncia violaciones al derecho internacional<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Beijing sostiene que cualquier actividad minera en la zona internacional del oc\u00e9ano debe respetar los tratados existentes, particularmente la Convenci\u00f3n de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar (CONVEMAR).<\/p>\n

\"En
En Naciones Unidas, China busca apoyos de otros pa\u00edses para frenar a EEUU<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Este tratado, ratificado por m\u00e1s de 160 pa\u00edses (aunque no por Estados Unidos) establece que los fondos marinos fuera de jurisdicciones nacionales son patrimonio com\u00fan de la humanidad, y su uso debe beneficiar a toda la humanidad, no s\u00f3lo a intereses privados o nacionales.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEl oc\u00e9ano profundo no puede convertirse en una nueva frontera sin ley ni responsabilidad ambiental\u201d,<\/em><\/strong> advirti\u00f3 un portavoz del gobierno chino.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, record\u00f3 que m\u00faltiples pa\u00edses, incluidas naciones insulares del Pac\u00edfico, han solicitado una pausa global en la miner\u00eda submarina hasta que existan marcos regulatorios robustos que garanticen la protecci\u00f3n del ecosistema marino.<\/p>\n

Preocupaci\u00f3n ambiental y demandas de una moratoria<\/strong><\/h2>\n

La miner\u00eda de los fondos marinos implica el uso de robots y maquinaria pesada para extraer minerales de n\u00f3dulos polimet\u00e1licos, costras de cobalto y fuentes hidrotermales, ubicadas a miles de metros de profundidad. Cient\u00edficos advierten que esta actividad podr\u00eda tener efectos irreversibles sobre ecosistemas \u00fanicos, muchos de los cuales a\u00fan no han sido estudiados completamente.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

M\u00e1s de 20 pa\u00edses, cientos de cient\u00edficos y organizaciones como Greenpeace<\/a> y el WWF<\/a> han exigido una moratoria internacional. Tambi\u00e9n han pedido mayor transparencia en las evaluaciones de impacto ambiental y una gesti\u00f3n conjunta basada en la ciencia y los principios de precauci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\"La
La comunidad cient\u00edfica, y las organizaciones como Greenpeace advierten del da\u00f1o ecol\u00f3gico que se le puede infringir al ecosistema marino con una miner\u00eda depredadora submarina<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Geopol\u00edtica, tecnolog\u00eda y un nuevo frente oce\u00e1nico<\/h2>\n

El conflicto entre China y EE.UU<\/span>.<\/a> por el control de los recursos estrat\u00e9gicos del lecho marino representa un nuevo cap\u00edtulo en la competencia geopol\u00edtica por el dominio tecnol\u00f3gico y energ\u00e9tico. Mientras la demanda global de minerales cr\u00edticos se dispara, la presi\u00f3n por acceder a nuevas fuentes genera fricciones entre quienes apuestan por el desarrollo acelerado y quienes llaman a actuar con responsabilidad ambiental y legal.<\/p>\n

La miner\u00eda submarina se perfila, as\u00ed como un escenario decisivo en el reordenamiento de la econom\u00eda global del siglo XXI. Y como advierte China, si no se respetan los tratados internacionales, los oc\u00e9anos podr\u00edan convertirse en territorio de conflicto en lugar de cooperaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En la edici\u00f3n de ayer 30 de abril, ACERO Y ROCA public\u00f3 la informaci\u00f3n sobre la orden ejecutiva del presidente 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