{"id":2893,"date":"2025-03-24T12:30:21","date_gmt":"2025-03-24T15:30:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aceroyroca.com\/?p=2893"},"modified":"2025-03-24T12:30:21","modified_gmt":"2025-03-24T15:30:21","slug":"cientificos-de-san-juan-revolucionan-con-la-nanotecnologia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idealistic-platinum-hummingbird.187-127-10-185.cpanel.site\/index.php\/2025\/03\/24\/cientificos-de-san-juan-revolucionan-con-la-nanotecnologia\/","title":{"rendered":"cient\u00edficos de san juan revolucionan con la nanotecnologia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Los cient\u00edficos del Instituto de Investigaciones Mineras de la UNSJ est\u00e1n a la vanguardia de una investigaci\u00f3n clave para el futuro de la industria mundial que podr\u00eda hacer que la miner\u00eda m\u00e1s estrat\u00e9gica del mundo sea m\u00e1s sostenible.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Por Lucas Laciar<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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En el coraz\u00f3n de una provincia argentina hist\u00f3ricamente asociada con la extracci\u00f3n de minerales, un grupo de cient\u00edficos est\u00e1 transformando el futuro de la miner\u00eda global utilizando lo m\u00e1s diminuto que existe: la nanotecnolog\u00eda. Esta revoluci\u00f3n silenciosa, pero de impacto mundial, est\u00e1 siendo liderada por investigadores sanjuaninos que demuestran que la innovaci\u00f3n no tiene fronteras geogr\u00e1ficas.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Un mundo invisible que cambia lo visible<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es exactamente la nanotecnolog\u00eda? Para comprender la magnitud de lo que est\u00e1 ocurriendo en San Juan, es necesario adentrarse en este fascinante campo.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abLa nanotecnolog\u00eda es una ciencia que estudia y manipula la materia a escala nanom\u00e9trica, entre 1 y 100 nan\u00f3metros. Para que se entienda, un nan\u00f3metro es la milmillon\u00e9sima parte de un metro. En esta escala trabajamos manipulando \u00e1tomos y mol\u00e9culas para crear nuevos materiales con propiedades extraordinarias\u00bb,<\/span><\/i> explica el Dr. Ariel Maratta Mart\u00ednez, investigador del CONICET en el Instituto de Investigaciones Mineras de la Universidad Nacional de San Juan.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo asombroso de esta tecnolog\u00eda es que cuando los materiales se reducen a esta escala tan diminuta, sus propiedades cambian dr\u00e1sticamente. \u00abSon materiales con propiedades realmente fant\u00e1sticas. A medida que la materia disminuye su tama\u00f1o, sus caracter\u00edsticas cambian significativamente en comparaci\u00f3n con ese mismo material a escala normal\u00bb,<\/em> subraya el investigador.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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Un cient\u00edfico sanjuanino en la frontera de la innovaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/span>El Dr. Ariel Maratta Mart\u00ednez no es un cient\u00edfico cualquiera. Como Investigador Asistente del CONICET, su trabajo en el Instituto de Investigaciones Mineras de la UNSJ est\u00e1 marcando un antes y un despu\u00e9s en la aplicaci\u00f3n de la nanotecnolog\u00eda al sector minero.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abDentro de mi trabajo como investigador, dirijo un proyecto enfocado en la miner\u00eda. Todos los proyectos que presentamos al CONICET desde nuestro instituto est\u00e1n relacionados con este sector tan importante<\/span><\/i>\u00ab, comenta Maratta.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo que hace especial a este grupo de investigaci\u00f3n es su singularidad. <\/span>\u00abEn San Juan somos el \u00fanico grupo de nanotecnolog\u00eda que trabaja con miner\u00eda. Seg\u00fan el mapa de la Fundaci\u00f3n Argentina de Nanotecnolog\u00eda, somos el \u00fanico equipo en todo el pa\u00eds que aplica esta ciencia al sector minero. Que esto ocurra en una provincia minera como San Juan es realmente significativo<\/span><\/i>\u00ab, enfatiza el cient\u00edfico.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ariel Maratta <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

El proyecto personal del Dr. Maratta se centra en algo que podr\u00eda parecer de ciencia ficci\u00f3n: la s\u00edntesis de nanomateriales h\u00edbridos magn\u00e9ticos para detectar y cuantificar renio en muestras minerales.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La <\/span><\/b>b\u00fasqueda del renio: un metal estrat\u00e9gico en el punto de mira<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00abMi proyecto se basa en la creaci\u00f3n de nanomateriales h\u00edbridos magn\u00e9ticos funcionalizados que act\u00faan como absorbentes para determinar la presencia y cantidad de renio en muestras de inter\u00e9s minero. <\/span><\/i>El renio es un elemento que juega un papel crucial en las nuevas tecnolog\u00edas, especialmente en la industria aeroespacial<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00ab,<\/span><\/i> explica Maratta.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo innovador de su enfoque es la creaci\u00f3n de nanopart\u00edculas dise\u00f1adas espec\u00edficamente para atrapar el renio. \u00ab<\/span>Estas nanopart\u00edculas capturan selectivamente el renio presente en las muestras minerales.<\/span><\/i><\/b> Al ser magn\u00e9ticas, podemos separarlas f\u00e1cilmente usando un im\u00e1n externo, sin necesidad de utilizar m\u00e9todos tradicionales que consumen mucha energ\u00eda como la filtraci\u00f3n o la centrifugaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/i>\u00ab, detalla.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abMi trabajo consiste en atrapar el renio para cuantificarlo, para determinar qu\u00e9 cantidad hay en cada muestra mineral. Sintetizo estos nuevos materiales, los funcionalizo seg\u00fan nuestro esquema particular, y luego los utilizo para la detecci\u00f3n precisa del renio\u00bb,<\/span><\/i> a\u00f1ade el investigador.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Una soluci\u00f3n sostenible para la megaindustria del cobre se estudia en San Juan<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Bajo la direcci\u00f3n del Dr. Maratta, el ingeniero Cristian Mur\u00faa est\u00e1 desarrollando una tecnolog\u00eda revolucionaria para extraer cobre mediante nanopart\u00edculas magn\u00e9ticas.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abEste trabajo busca solucionar un problema grave en la extracci\u00f3n de cobre: el uso de solventes org\u00e1nicos. Estos solventes generan p\u00e9rdidas econ\u00f3micas, producen residuos contaminantes como el ‘crud’ o ‘borra’, y tienen una eficiencia relativamente baja\u00bb,<\/span><\/i> explica Maratta.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La soluci\u00f3n propuesta es tan elegante como efectiva: <\/span>\u00abEstamos desarrollando nanopart\u00edculas magn\u00e9ticas con una alta afinidad por el cobre. Estas part\u00edculas, gracias a sus propiedades superparamagn\u00e9ticas, pueden ser manipuladas mediante un campo magn\u00e9tico externo, lo que facilita enormemente su recuperaci\u00f3n y evita la generaci\u00f3n de residuos\u00bb<\/span><\/i>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Los beneficios de esta tecnolog\u00eda son m\u00faltiples<\/span>: \u00abEste m\u00e9todo permite mayor eficiencia en la extracci\u00f3n y purificaci\u00f3n del cobre, reduce el consumo de reactivos, disminuye la huella h\u00eddrica y crea un proceso m\u00e1s limpio y sustentable. Adem\u00e1s, las nanopart\u00edculas pueden reutilizarse cientos de veces manteniendo los mismos rendimientos<\/span><\/i>\u00ab, resume el cient\u00edfico.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Limpiando las Aguas Mineras con Magnetoforesis<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n
\"\"
Mg. Tom\u00e1s Puelles<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Otro proyecto revolucionario bajo la direcci\u00f3n del Dr. Maratta lo desarrolla el Mg. Tom\u00e1s Puelles, quien trabaja en la remediaci\u00f3n de efluentes mineros mediante magnetoforesis.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abCon este proyecto buscamos solucionar dos problemas cr\u00edticos: la gesti\u00f3n de los diques de cola mineros y la reutilizaci\u00f3n del agua. Hemos desarrollado nanopart\u00edculas h\u00edbridas magn\u00e9ticas capaces de absorber simult\u00e1neamente diversos metales pesados <\/span><\/i>que podr\u00edan estar <\/span><\/i>presentes en los diques de cola, permitiendo la purificaci\u00f3n del agua<\/span><\/i>\u00ab, explica Maratta.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

La innovaci\u00f3n radica en la aplicaci\u00f3n de la <\/span>magnetoforesis<\/span>, una t\u00e9cnica poco explorada en la miner\u00eda: <\/span><\/span>\u00abLa <\/em><\/span>magnetoforesis<\/span> es la separaci\u00f3n mediante imanes externos. Es un proceso que se ha usado mucho en aplicaciones biol\u00f3gicas, pero nunca se ha implementado a escala industrial en miner\u00eda. Nuestro objetivo es llevar esta tecnolog\u00eda a ese nivel, permitiendo recuperar metales pesados y mejorar la calidad del agua para su reutilizaci\u00f3n en los procesos mineros, creando un sistema m\u00e1s cerrado y eficiente<\/span><\/em><\/span>\u00ab, <\/span><\/span><\/em>relata el cient\u00edfico.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Un futuro prometedor desde San Juan para la miner\u00eda global<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Las investigaciones lideradas por el Dr. Maratta y su equipo representan un avance significativo hacia una miner\u00eda m\u00e1s eficiente, econ\u00f3mica y sustentable a nivel mundial. Aunque estas tecnolog\u00edas se encuentran actualmente en fase de investigaci\u00f3n y desarrollo, el objetivo es escalarlas a plantas piloto para demostrar su viabilidad industrial.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abEstamos trabajando para que en aproximadamente un a\u00f1o tengamos estas tecnolog\u00edas bien desarrolladas a nivel de laboratorio\u00bb<\/em>, anticipa el investigador.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

El impacto potencial de estas innovaciones es inmenso. La posibilidad de reemplazar solventes contaminantes, reutilizar agua, recuperar metales valiosos de los efluentes y cuantificar elementos estrat\u00e9gicos como el renio de manera m\u00e1s eficiente podr\u00eda revolucionar la industria minera mundial.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abEstamos convencidos de que estas tecnolog\u00edas son el futuro de la miner\u00eda. Son soluciones disruptivas que van a impactar significativamente en la industria por su nivel de innovaci\u00f3n\u00bb,<\/span><\/i> concluye con firmeza el Dr. Maratta.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

En un \u00e1mbito donde se cree que todas las innovaciones vienen desde los pa\u00edses del primer mundo: la ciencia, mentes sanjuaninas podr\u00edan cambiar el futuro de la miner\u00eda de cobre, quiz\u00e1s, la miner\u00eda m\u00e1s estrat\u00e9gica para el futuro de la humanidad, teniendo en cuenta la lucha contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico. Estos estudios sobre lo m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o de la materia, amasan un impacto global, desde la provincia de San Juan.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Los cient\u00edficos del Instituto de Investigaciones Mineras de la UNSJ est\u00e1n a la vanguardia de una investigaci\u00f3n clave para el […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2894,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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