{"id":19123,"date":"2026-04-08T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aceroyroca.com\/?p=19123"},"modified":"2026-04-15T07:18:35","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T07:18:35","slug":"ley-glaciares-san-juan-critica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/idealistic-platinum-hummingbird.187-127-10-185.cpanel.site\/index.php\/2026\/04\/08\/ley-glaciares-san-juan-critica\/","title":{"rendered":"Reforma a la Ley de Glaciares: \u00bfpone en riesgo el agua en San Juan?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

El investigador Juan Pablo Milana cuestiona la reforma impulsada y alerta sobre la subestimaci\u00f3n del rol de los glaciares y ambientes periglaciares. Sostiene que cualquier flexibilizaci\u00f3n normativa puede afectar de forma directa las reservas de agua en una de las provincias m\u00e1s \u00e1ridas del pa\u00eds.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Actividad minera en zona glaciar de alta monta\u00f1a, en medio del debate por la reforma de la Ley de Glaciares y su impacto h\u00eddrico. Imagen ilustrativa: ACERO Y ROCA.<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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LO ESENCIAL EN 10 SEGUNDOS<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Juan Pablo Milana, Investigador Principal del CONICET y referente en glaciolog\u00eda de la UNSJ, advierte que la modificaci\u00f3n de la ley de glaciares pone en riesgo el sistema h\u00eddrico de San Juan. Sostiene que los glaciares son reservas clave en contextos de sequ\u00eda y cuestiona la subestimaci\u00f3n t\u00e9cnica y pol\u00edtica del recurso. Adem\u00e1s, alerta sobre pasivos ambientales, falta de control estatal y omisiones en el inventario oficial, en un escenario de creciente presi\u00f3n minera sobre zonas sensibles.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

El desconocimiento social sobre los glaciares y su rol estrat\u00e9gico<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Actualmente, la discusi\u00f3n sobre la modificaci\u00f3n de la Ley de Glaciares<\/a> <\/strong>reabre un eje cr\u00edtico en la agenda minera y ambiental argentina. En San Juan, donde la disponibilidad de agua define la viabilidad productiva y social, el planteo adquiere una dimensi\u00f3n estructural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En ese contexto, el investigador Juan Pablo Milana<\/a> <\/strong>advierte que \u00abel desconocimiento sobre la existencia y funci\u00f3n de los glaciares condiciona el debate p\u00fablico y facilita la instalaci\u00f3n de narrativas favorables a su intervenci\u00f3n\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cLa mayor\u00eda en San Juan nunca ha visto un glaciar y no tiene idea que en San Juan hay glaciares\u201d<\/em>, afirma y explica que \u00abesa distancia f\u00edsica y cultural con el recurso permite minimizar su rol dentro del sistema h\u00eddrico regional\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Juan
Juan Pablo Milana, Investigador Principal del CONICET y referente en glaciolog\u00eda de la UNSJ<\/strong>.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

El rol de los glaciares en el sistema h\u00eddrico de San Juan<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En este contexto, Milana subraya que \u00abSan Juan ocupa el tercer lugar en superficie glaciar del pa\u00eds, detr\u00e1s de Santa Cruz y Mendoza, y eso corresponde en funci\u00f3n de una combinaci\u00f3n espec\u00edfica de altitud y condiciones clim\u00e1ticas\u00bb.<\/em> Esa configuraci\u00f3n, sostiene, es la base de la disponibilidad de agua en un territorio \u00e1rido.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSan Juan es la provincia m\u00e1s seca de la Argentina, pero sin embargo tenemos un r\u00edo que nunca se seca\u201d<\/em>, se\u00f1ala, en referencia al r\u00edo San Juan<\/a><\/strong>, que abastece a la mayor parte de la poblaci\u00f3n y remarca que \u00abel r\u00edo San Juan est\u00e1 alimentado por los glaciares\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adem\u00e1s, explica que el sistema funciona mediante un conjunto de procesos donde la nieve estacional cumple un rol relevante en a\u00f1os normales, pero que en contextos de sequ\u00eda la contribuci\u00f3n glaciar se vuelve determinante. \u201c<\/em>Es la \u00fanica reserva h\u00eddrica que trabaja el triple cuando hay sequ\u00eda<\/em>. Los glaciares operan como reservas acumulativas que compensan la variabilidad interanual de precipitaciones\u00bb.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Vista
El r\u00edo San Juan depende del aporte glaciar, especialmente en ciclos de sequ\u00eda prolongada.<\/strong><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

La subestimaci\u00f3n del ambiente periglacial: \u00bfnieve o hielo?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Desde una perspectiva t\u00e9cnica, Milana cuestiona la separaci\u00f3n conceptual entre nieve y hielo<\/strong> en ciertos discursos. \u201c<\/em>El glaciar es nieve comprimida<\/em>. Esa distinci\u00f3n err\u00f3nea lleva a subestimar el rol regulador de los cuerpos de hielo y de los ambientes periglaciares<\/em><\/strong>\u00ab<\/em>, explica el especialista.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En ese marco, plantea que existe una subestimaci\u00f3n deliberada y funcional a intereses sectoriales. \u201cEst\u00e1n subestimando\u201d,<\/em> afirma al referirse a algunos enfoques t\u00e9cnicos y medi\u00e1ticos, y agrega que\u00aben el debate p\u00fablico predominan voces vinculadas a consultor\u00edas del sector minero<\/em>. Esto condiciona la percepci\u00f3n social y limita la comprensi\u00f3n del riesgo asociado a la intervenci\u00f3n de estas reservas\u00bb.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasivos ambientales y riesgos de la actividad minera<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En t\u00e9rminos ambientales, el eje m\u00e1s cr\u00edtico de su planteo se centra en los pasivos que deja la actividad minera de gran escala.<\/strong> Advierte que \u00abestas operaciones generan estructuras de larga permanencia y dif\u00edcil control\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNos est\u00e1n dejando unos pasivos ambientales imposibles de controlar\u201d<\/em>, <\/strong>sostiene y vincula ese escenario con \u00abla potencial afectaci\u00f3n de cuencas h\u00eddricas una vez finalizada la explotaci\u00f3n\u00bb.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reforma de la Ley de Glaciares: qu\u00e9 cambios advierte Milana<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En ese marco, Milana advierte que el objetivo de la reforma es habilitar zonas actualmente restringidas. \u201cEsta reforma es anular la ley de protecci\u00f3n de glaciares<\/em>. El cambio normativo permitir\u00eda avanzar sobre \u00e1reas con presencia de hielo en cabeceras de cuenca, lo que incrementar\u00eda el riesgo sist\u00e9mico sobre los recursos h\u00eddricos\u00bb.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A su vez, advierte sobre el efecto acumulativo de proyectos en alta monta\u00f1a.\u201cNo va a ser una mina, van a ser diez megaminas en las nacientes de nuestros r\u00edos\u201d<\/em>, se\u00f1ala y cuestiona la capacidad de control estatal.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milana critica los mecanismos de fiscalizaci\u00f3n y la disponibilidad de informaci\u00f3n p\u00fablica, particularmente en lo referido a series hist\u00f3ricas de calidad de agua y advierte que\u00aben Argentina el Estado no est\u00e1 cumpliendo un rol activo en la defensa de los bienes h\u00eddricos\u00bb.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Impacto social y percepci\u00f3n del riesgo en San Juan<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La cr\u00edtica de Milana se extiende tambi\u00e9n a la falta de conciencia de la poblaci\u00f3n<\/strong> sobre la importancia del agua y los glaciares. \u201cLa gente no dimensiona lo que implica esta situaci\u00f3n. Este fen\u00f3meno de ignorancia es el resultado de a\u00f1os de empobrecimiento econ\u00f3mico y cultural que han minado la capacidad de la sociedad para luchar contra decisiones perjudiciales\u00bb.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

El agua como l\u00edmite del desarrollo en San Juan<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Operaciones
Milana advierte sobre el impacto acumulativo de m\u00faltiples proyectos en las cabeceras de cuenca.<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

En t\u00e9rminos productivos, Milana advierte que \u00abla afectaci\u00f3n de glaciares comprometer\u00eda directamente la base h\u00eddrica de la agricultura y del abastecimiento urbano\u00bb<\/em> e insiste en que \u00abel sistema depende de un equilibrio delicado entre acumulaci\u00f3n nival y aporte glaciar, especialmente en escenarios de sequ\u00eda prolongada\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSe abri\u00f3 la tranquera a todas estas minas\u201d,<\/em> resume, al referirse a una eventual flexibilizaci\u00f3n normativa<\/strong> y agrega que \u00ablas consecuencias se manifestar\u00e1n cuando los sistemas de control ya no est\u00e9n operativos y los pasivos permanezcan en el territorio\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En definitiva, la discusi\u00f3n queda planteada en un terreno t\u00e9cnico, pero atravesado por tensiones pol\u00edticas, econ\u00f3micas y sociales. En San Juan, donde el agua define el l\u00edmite del desarrollo, el rol de los glaciares deja de ser una cuesti\u00f3n perif\u00e9rica para convertirse en un factor central de planificaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Juan Pablo Milana (CONICET) cuestiona la reforma de la Ley de Glaciares: \u00abNos dejan pasivos ambientales imposibles de controlar\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":20107,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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